背景
想像一下有这么一个场景，一个系统有超多角色、角色下有多个菜单、菜单下有多个按钮权限，这种子父级关系查询每次向数据库查询相当耗时，那么我们是否可以将这种更新频次不高，而查询耗时的数据且不直接影响业务的数据放进缓存中去，相关查询直接去缓存里去查，减少对数据库的压力,那么Redis是一个不错的选择。
当然Spring Boot 不采用Redis也可以实现缓存，但是作为开发要想项目中的解耦性，所以针对Redis做个尝试教程供大家讨论。
准备
安装Redis，看我之前的教程《Ubuntu 系统、Docker配置、Docker的常用软件配置（下）》
基本测试
1.创建Spring Boot 项目
pom 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>3.5.0</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>demo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>demo</name><description>demo</description><url/><licenses><license/></licenses><developers><developer/></developers><scm><connection/><developerConnection/><tag/><url/></scm><properties><java.version>17</java.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><configuration><annotationProcessorPaths><path><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></path></annotationProcessorPaths></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><excludes><exclude><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></exclude></excludes></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>
项目配置文件
spring:data:redis:host: 127.0.0.1port: 6379password: 24568096@qq.comconnect-timeout: 5stimeout: 5smvc:pathmatch:matching-strategy: ant_path_matcher
server:port: 99992.Redis配置类
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {@Beanpublic RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory factory) {RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();template.setConnectionFactory(factory);// 设置键（key）的序列化器为 StringRedisSerializer，确保键以直观的字符串形式存储template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());// 设置值（value）的序列化器为 StringRedisSerializer，确保值也以字符串形式存储template.setValueSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());// 初始化模板配置template.afterPropertiesSet();return template;}
}
3.测试
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.types.RedisClientInfo;import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;@SpringBootTest
class DemoApplicationTests {@Autowiredprivate RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;@Autowiredprivate RedisService redisService;@Testvoid contextLoads() {redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("name", "张三");String name = (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("name");System.out.println(name);//----------写入ListredisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush("list", "王王");redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush("list", "李四");redisTemplate.opsForList().leftPush("list", "赵六");// 获取listList<Object> list = redisTemplate.opsForList().range("list", 0, -1);System.out.println(list);//-----------写入集合redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("set", "张三");redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("set", "李四");redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("set", "王王");redisTemplate.opsForSet().add("set", "赵六");//-----------写入集合List<Object> set = Collections.singletonList(redisTemplate.opsForSet().members("set"));System.out.println(set);//-----------写入MapredisTemplate.opsForHash().put("map", "name", "张三");redisTemplate.opsForHash().put("map", "age", "18");//-----------获取MapList<Object> map = Collections.singletonList(redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries("map"));System.out.println(map);}@Testvoid testRedisService() {redisService.getStuById(1);}}
效果
下一篇：《Spring Boot 3.X 下Redis缓存的尝试（二）：自动注解实现自动化缓存操作》
